Año
21. Nº 1
Anexo I. Especies vegetales
afectadas por el fenómeno en Chile.
Se indica nombre científico, familia,
nombre común, origen fitogeográfico (O), forma de vida (FV), forma y duración
del follaje (DF).
|
Especie |
Familia |
Nombre común |
O |
FV |
DF |
|
Musgos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dendroligotrichum dendroides |
Polytrichaceae |
Musgo pinito |
N |
M |
P |
|
Helechos: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Blechnum cordatum |
Blechnaceae |
Quil-Quil |
N |
H |
P |
|
Blechnum hastatum |
Blechnaceae |
Palmilla |
N |
H |
P |
|
Blechnum magellanicum |
Blechnaceae |
Quil-Quil |
N |
C |
P |
|
Blechnum mochaenum |
Blechnaceae |
Quil-Quil |
N |
H |
P |
|
Blechnum penna-marina |
Blechnaceae |
Punke |
N |
H |
P |
|
Gleichenia quadripartita |
Gleicheniaceae |
Hierba loza |
N |
H |
P |
|
Hypolepis poeppigii |
Dennstaedtiaceae |
Palmilla |
N |
H |
P |
|
Lophosoria quadripinnata |
Lophosoriaceae |
Ampe |
N |
H |
P |
|
Lycopodium confertum |
Lycopodiaceae |
Licopodio |
N |
C |
P |
|
Lycopodium paniculatum |
Lycopodiaceae |
Licopodio |
N |
C |
P |
|
Lyopodium magellanicum |
Lycopodiaceae |
Licopodio |
N |
C |
P |
|
Polypodium feuillei |
Polypodiaceae |
Calahuala |
N |
F |
P |
|
Polystichum andinum |
Dryopteridaceae |
No conocido |
N |
H |
P |
|
Pteris semiadnata |
Dryopteridaceae |
Pesebre |
N |
H |
P |
|
Rumohra adiantiformis |
Dryopteridaceae |
Helecho |
N |
H |
P |
|
Gimnospermas: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Abies nordmanniana |
Pinaceae |
Abeto |
I |
F |
P |
|
Araucaria angustifolia |
Araucariaceae |
Pino del Paraná |
I |
F |
P |
|
Araucaria araucana |
Araucariaceae |
Pehuén, araucaria |
N |
F |
P |
|
Araucaria bidwillii |
Araucariaceae |
Araucaria |
I |
F |
P |
|
Austrocedrus chilensis |
Cupressaceae |
Ciprés de la cordillera |
N |
F |
P |
|
Cedrus deodara |
Pinaceae |
Cedro |
I |
F |
P |
|
Chamaecyparis lawsoniana |
Cupressaceae |
Ciprés de Lawson |
I |
F |
P |
|
Cryptomeria japonica |
Cupressaceae |
Criptomeria |
I |
F |
P |
|
Cupressus macrocarpa |
Cupressaceae |
Ciprés |
I |
F |
P |
|
Fitzroya cupressoides |
Cupressaceae |
Alerce |
N |
F |
P |
|
Ginkgo biloba |
Ginkgoaceae |
Gingo |
I |
F |
C |
|
Lepidothamnus fonkii |
Podocarpaceae |
Ciprés enano |
N |
C |
P |
|
Metasequoia gliptostroboides |
Taxodiaceae |
Metasecoya |
I |
F |
C |
|
Picea abies |
Pinaceae |
Falso abeto |
I |
F |
P |
|
Picea pungens |
Pinaceae |
Picea |
I |
F |
P |
|
Pilgerodendron uviferum |
Cupressaceae |
Ciprés de Guaitecas |
N |
F |
P |
|
Pinus contorta |
Pinaceae |
Pino |
I |
F |
P |
|
Pinus pinaster |
Pinaceae |
Pino maritimo |
I |
F |
P |
|
Pinus ponderosa |
Pinaceae |
Pino ponderosa |
I |
F |
P |
|
Pinus radiata |
Pinaceae |
Pino insigne |
I |
F |
P |
|
Podocarpus nubigena |
Podocarpaceae |
Mañío macho |
N |
F |
P |
|
Podocarpus saligna |
Podocarpaceae |
Mañío de hoja larga |
N |
F |
P |
|
Prumnopitys andina |
Podocarpaceae |
Lleuque |
N |
F |
P |
|
Pseudotsuga menziesii |
Pinaceae |
Pino oregón |
I |
F |
P |
|
Saxegothea conspicua |
Podocarpaceae |
Mañío hembra |
N |
F |
P |
|
Sequoia sempervirens |
Cupressaceae |
Secoya |
I |
F |
P |
|
Sequoiadendron giganteum |
Cupressaceae |
Secoya |
I |
F |
P |
|
Taxodium distichum |
Cupressaceae |
Ciprés calvo |
I |
F |
C |
|
Thuja orientalis |
Cupressaceae |
Tuja |
I |
F |
P |
|
Dicotiledóneas (sentido amplio) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Acacia caven |
Mimosaceae |
Espino maulino |
N |
F |
C |
|
Acacia dealbata |
Mimosaceae |
Aromo blanco |
I |
F |
C |
|
Acacia melanoxylon |
Mimosaceae |
Aromo australiano |
I |
F |
P |
|
Acaena integerrima |
Rosaceae |
Cadillo |
N |
C |
P |
|
Acer negundo |
Aceraceae |
Arce |
I |
F |
C |
|
Acrisione denticulata |
Asteraceae |
Palo de yegua |
N |
F |
P |
|
Adesmia boronoides |
Fabaceae |
Paramela |
N |
C |
P |
|
Aesculus hippocastanum |
Hippocastanaceae |
Castaño de chancho |
I |
F |
C |
|
Aextoxicon punctatum |
Aextoxicaceae |
Olivillo |
N |
F |
P |
|
Alnus rubra |
Betulaceae |
Aliso |
I |
F |
C |
|
Amomyrtus luma |
Myrtaceae |
Luma |
N |
F |
P |
|
Amomyrtus meli |
Myrtaceae |
Melí |
N |
F |
P |
|
Anarthrophyllum desideratum |
Fabaceae |
Neneo macho |
N |
C |
P |
|
Annona cherimolia |
Annonaceae |
Chirimoya |
N |
F |
P |
|
Aristotelia chilensis |
Elaeocarpaceae |
Maqui |
N |
F |
C |
|
Azara integrifolia |
Salicaceae |
Corcolén |
N |
F |
C |
|
Azara lanceolata |
Salicaceae |
Aromo de Castilla |
N |
F |
C |
|
Azorella trifurcata |
Apiaceae |
Yareta |
N |
C |
P |
|
Baccharis elaeoides |
Asteraceae |
Chilca |
N |
F |
P |
|
Baccharis magellanica |
Asteraceae |
Chilca |
N |
F |
P |
|
Baccharis patagonica |
Asteraceae |
Chilquilla |
N |
F |
P |
|
Baccharis racemosa |
Asteraceae |
Chilca |
N |
F |
P |
|
Beilschmiedia miersii |
Lauraceae |
Belloto del norte |
N |
F |
P |
|
Berberis congestiflora |
Berberidaceae |
Michay grande |
N |
F |
P |
|
Berberis darwinii |
Berberidaceae |
Michay |
N |
F |
P |
|
Berberis microphylla |
Berberidaceae |
Calafate |
N |
F |
P |
|
Betula pendula |
Betulaceae |
Abedul |
I |
F |
C |
|
Brachychiton populneum |
Sterculiaceae |
Brachichito |
I |
F |
C |
|
Buddleja globosa |
Buddlejaceae |
Palguín, matico |
N |
F |
P |
|
Buxus sempervirens |
Buxaceae |
Boj |
I |
F |
P |
|
Caldcluvia paniculata |
Cunoniaceae |
Tiaca |
N |
F |
P |
|
Camellia japonica |
Theaceae |
Camelia |
I |
F |
P |
|
Castanea sativa |
Fagaceae |
Castaño |
I |
F |
C |
|
Casuarina cunninghamiana |
Casuarinaceae |
Casuarina |
I |
F |
P |
|
Cissus striata |
Vitaceae |
Voqui naranjillo |
N |
F |
P |
|
Citrus limon |
Rutaceae |
Limonero |
I |
F |
P |
|
Colletia hystrix |
Rhamnaceae |
Yaqui |
N |
F |
P |
|
Cornus capitata |
Cornaceae |
Cornejo |
I |
F |
P |
|
Crataegus monogyna |
Rosaceae |
Crategus |
I |
F |
C |
|
Cryptocarya alba |
Lauraceae |
Peumo |
N |
F |
P |
|
Dasyphyllum diacanthoides |
Asteraceae |
Palo santo |
N |
F |
P |
|
Desfontainia fulgens |
Desfontaineaceae |
Taique |
N |
F |
P |
|
Discaria chacaye |
Rhamnaceae |
Chacal |
N |
F |
P? |
|
Donatia fascicularis |
Donatiaceae |
Donatia |
N |
C |
P |
|
Drimys andina |
Winteraceae |
Canelo enano |
N |
C |
P |
|
Drimys winteri |
Winteraceae |
Canelo |
N |
F |
P |
|
Drosera uniflora |
Droseraceae |
Rocío de sol |
N |
H |
P |
|
Eleagnus angustifolia |
Eleagnaceae |
Olivo de Bohemia |
I |
F |
C |
|
Embothrium coccineum |
Proteaceae |
Notro |
N |
F |
C |
|
Empetrum rubrum |
Empetraceae |
Brecillo |
N |
C |
P |
|
Eucalyptus globulus |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalipto |
I |
F |
P |
|
Eucalyptus nitens |
Myrtaceae |
Eucalipto |
I |
F |
P |
|
Eucryphia cordifolia |
Cunoniaceae |
Ulmo |
N |
F |
P |
|
Eucryphia glutinosa |
Cunoniaceae |
Guindo santo |
N |
F |
C |
|
Euphorbia pulcherrima |
Euphorbiaceae |
Corona del inca |
I |
F |
P |
|
Fagus sylvatica |
Fagaceae |
Haya |
I |
F |
C |
|
Ficus carica |
Moraceae |
Higuera |
I |
F |
P |
|
Ficus elastica |
Moraceae |
Gomero |
I |
F |
P |
|
Fraxinus ornus |
Oleaceae |
Fresno |
I |
F |
C |
|
Fuchsia magellanica |
Oenotheraceae |
Chilco |
N |
F |
C |
|
Gaultheria insana |
Ericaceae |
Hued-hued |
N |
F |
P |
|
Gaultheria mucronata |
Ericaceae |
Chaura |
N |
C |
P |
|
Gevuina avellana |
Proteaceae |
Avellano chileno |
N |
F |
P |
|
Grevillea robusta |
Proteaceae |
Grevillea |
I |
F |
P |
|
Gunnera tinctoria |
Gunneraceae |
Pangue |
N |
H |
P |
|
Hedera helix |
Araliaceae |
Hiedra |
I |
F |
P |
|
Ilex aquifolium |
Aquifoliaceae |
Muerdago |
I |
F |
P |
|
Jacaranda mimosifolia |
Bignoniaceae |
Jacarandá |
I |
F |
C |
|
Junellia tridens |
Verbenaceae |
Verbena |
N |
F |
P |
|
Kageneckia oblonga |
Rosaceae |
Bollén |
N |
F |
P |
|
Laburnum anagyroides |
Fabaceae |
Lluvia de oro |
I |
F |
C |
|
Laurelia sempervirens |
Atherospermataceae |
Laurel |
N |
F |
P |
|
Laureliopsis philippiana |
Atherospermataceae |
Tepa |
N |
F |
P |
|
Leptospermum communis |
Myrtaceae |
Leptospermo |
I |
F |
P |
|
Ligaria cuneifolia |
Loranthaceae |
Quintral del espino |
N |
F |
P |
|
Ligustrum lucidum |
Oleaceae |
Aligustre |
I |
F |
P |
|
Liquidambar styraciflua |
Hammamelidaceae |
Liquidambar |
I |
F |
C |
|
Lithraea caustica |
Anacardiaceae |
Litre |
N |
F |
P |
|
Lomatia ferruginea |
Proteaceae |
Fuinque |
N |
F |
P |
|
Lomatia hirsuta |
Proteaceae |
Radal |
N |
F |
P |
|
Luma apiculata |
Myrtaceae |
Arrayán |
N |
F |
P |
|
Luma gayana |
Myrtaceae |
Chin-chin |
N |
F |
P |
|
Magnolia grandiflora |
Magnoliaceae |
Magnolia |
I |
F |
P |
|
Maytenus boaria |
Celastraceae |
Maitén |
N |
F |
P |
|
Maytenus magellanica |
Celastraceae |
Leñadura |
N |
F |
P |
|
Misodendron linearifolium |
Misodendraceae |
Barbas del roble |
N |
F |
P |
|
Misodendron punctulatum |
Misodendraceae |
Injerto |
N |
F |
P |
|
Mulinum spinosum |
Apiaceae |
Mata barrosa |
N |
C |
P |
|
Mutisia spinosa |
Asteraceae |
Clavel del campo |
N |
F |
C |
|
Myrceugenia chrysocarpa |
Myrtaceae |
Pitrilla |
N |
F |
P |
|
Myrceugenia exsucca |
Myrtaceae |
Pitra |
N |
F |
P |
|
Myrceugenia parvifolia |
Myrtaceae |
Patagüilla |
N |
F |
P |
|
Myrceugenia planipes |
Myrtaceae |
Picha |
N |
F |
P |
|
Nothofagus alpina |
Nothofagaceae |
Raulí |
N |
F |
C |
|
Nothofagus antarctica |
Nothofagaceae |
Ñirre |
N |
F |
C |
|
Nothofagus betuloides |
Nothofagaceae |
Coihue de Magallanes |
N |
F |
P |
|
Nothofagus dombeyi |
Nothofagaceae |
Coihue |
N |
F |
P |
|
Nothofagus nitida |
Nothofagaceae |
Coihue de Chiloé |
N |
F |
P |
|
Nothofagus obliqua |
Nothofagaceae |
Roble |
N |
F |
C |
|
Nothofagus pumilio |
Nothofagaceae |
Lenga |
N |
F |
C |
|
Olea europea |
Oleaceaea |
Olivo |
I |
F |
P |
|
Ovidia pillo-pillo |
Thymeleaceae |
Pillo-pillo |
N |
F |
P? |
|
Persea americana |
Lauraceae |
Palto |
I |
F |
P |
|
Persea lingue |
Lauraceae |
Lingue |
N |
F |
P |
|
Peumus boldus |
Monimiaceae |
Boldo |
N |
F |
P |
|
Platanus orientalis |
Platanaceae |
Plátano oriental |
I |
F |
C |
|
Podanthus mitique |
Asteraceae |
Mitique |
N |
F |
P |
|
Populus nigra |
Salicaceae |
Alamo |
I |
F |
C |
|
Prunus armeniaca |
Rosaceae |
Damasco |
I |
F |
C |
|
Prunus avium |
Rosaceae |
Cerezo |
I |
F |
C |
|
Prunus cerasifera |
Rosaceae |
Cerezo de flor |
I |
F |
C |
|
Pyracantha crenulata |
Rosaceae |
Piracanta |
I |
F |
P |
|
Quercus nigra |
Fagaceae |
Roble americano |
I |
F |
C |
|
Quercus palustris |
Fagaceae |
Encina de pantano |
I |
F |
C |
|
Quercus petrea |
Fagaceae |
Encino |
I |
F |
C |
|
Quercus robur |
Fagaceae |
Roble |
I |
F |
C |
|
Quercus suber |
Fagaceae |
Alcornoque |
I |
F |
P |
|
Quillaja saponaria |
Rosaceae |
Quillay |
N |
F |
P |
|
Retanilla ephedra |
Rhamnaceae |
Retamilla |
N |
F |
P |
|
Rhaphithamnus spinosus |
Verbenaceae |
Huayún |
N |
F |
P |
|
Rhododendron ferrugineum |
Ericaceae |
Rododendron |
I |
F |
P |
|
Robinia pseudoacacia |
Fabaceae |
Falsa Acacia |
I |
F |
C |
|
Rosa canina |
Rosaceae |
Mosqueta |
I |
F |
C |
|
Rosa rubiginosa |
Rosaceae |
Mosqueta |
I |
F |
C |
|
Salix babylonica |
Salicaceae |
Sauce llorón |
I |
F |
C |
|
Salix caprea |
Salicaceae |
Gatito |
I |
F |
C |
|
Salix humboldtiana |
Salicaceae |
Sauce amargo |
N |
F |
C |
|
Sarmienta repens |
Gesneriaceae |
Medallita |
N |
F |
P |
|
Schinus latifolius |
Anacardiaceae |
Molle |
N |
F |
P |
|
Schinus molle |
Anacardiaceae |
Pimiento |
N |
F |
P |
|
Schinus patagonicus |
Anacardiaceae |
|
N |
F |
P |
|
Senecio patagonicus |
Asteraceae |
|
N |
F |
P |
|
Sophora microphylla |
Fabaceae |
Pelu |
N |
F |
P |
|
Sorbus aucuparia |
Rosaceae |
|
I |
F |
C |
|
Spartium junceum |
Fabaceae |
Retamo |
I |
F |
P |
|
Taraxacum officinale |
Cichoriaceae |
Diente de león |
I |
H |
P |
|
Tepualia stipularis |
Myrtaceae |
Tepu |
N |
F |
P |
|
Tilia americana |
Tiliaceae |
Tilo |
I |
F |
C |
|
Tilia platyphyllos |
Tiliaceae |
Tilo |
I |
F |
C |
|
Tristerix tetrandrus |
Loranthaceae |
Quintral |
N |
F |
P |
|
Ugni molinae |
Myrtaceae |
Murta |
N |
F |
P |
|
Ulex europaeus |
Fabaceae |
Espinillo |
I |
F |
R |
|
Ulmus americana |
Ulmaceae |
Olmo |
I |
F |
C |
|
Weinmannia trichosperma |
Cunoniaceae |
Tineo |
N |
F |
P |
|
Monocotiledóneas: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chusquea culeou |
Poaceae |
Colihue |
N |
F |
P |
|
Chusquea montana |
Poaceae |
Quila enana |
N |
C |
P |
|
Chusquea uliginosa |
Poaceae |
Taihuén |
N |
F |
P |
|
Chusquea valdiviense |
Poaceae |
Quila |
N |
F |
P |
|
Cordyline australis |
Agavaceae |
Cordiline |
I |
F |
P |
|
Cortaderia selloana |
Poaceae |
Cola de zorro |
N |
H |
P |
|
Greigia sphacelata |
Bromeliaceae |
Chupón |
N |
H |
P |
|
Oreobolus obtusangulus |
Cyperaceae |
No conocido |
N |
H |
P |
|
Trachycarpus fortunei |
Arecaceae |
Palma abanico |
I |
F |
P |
|
Tritonia x crocosmiflora |
Iridaceae |
Tritonia |
I |
Cr |
P |
Abreviaturas:
Origen fitogeográfico: N = nativo (autóctono), I =introducido
(alóctono); Forma de vida: F = fanerófito, C = caméfito, H =
hemicriptófito, Cr = criptófito;
Duración del follaje: P = perenne, C = Caduco. Cuando no aparece el
nombre de la familia, considere el inmediatamente superior.